Minced beef

Use the same weight; it is fattier, so drain excess fat and brown well. Cooking time is similar.

Use the same weight; it is leaner, so add 1 tbsp oil and cook 3–4 minutes less to avoid drying.

Use the same weight; texture is slightly coarser. Brown well and drain fat if needed.

Use the same weight; crumble or finely chop. Add near the end and cook only 5 minutes, as it softens rather than browns like beef.

Use the same weight; finely dice and parboil for 5 minutes. Add about 10 minutes earlier than beef so it cooks through.

Use the same weight; chop finely. Cook until dry and browned, about 5–8 minutes, before adding the masala.