Ground asafoetida

Hing

2.5 g1 teaspoon

8 g1 tablespoon

pinch is usual measure; level tsp about 2.5 g by bulk density

Instead of Ground asafoetida

Nothing truly replaces asafoetida's sulphurous savour; garlic and onion powders are only a rough stand-in.

Asafoetida chunk
Grind the same weight to a fine powder; store airtight as the aroma is very strong.
Asafoetida / garlic / onion powder
Use the same weight, but check whether it contains salt; it gives a broader onion-garlic note rather than pure asafoetida.
Garlic powder
Use about 25% of the weight; it gives a garlicky savour but not asafoetida's sulphurous tang.